Examples Of Disobedience In One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest

In the film, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Randle McMurphy struggles to conform to the authority of the mental hospital, or more importantly, Nurse Ratched. Nurse Ratched manipulates the patients and staff throughout the movie in order to make them all fit her expectations. Nurse Ratched had the institution on a specific routine until McMurphy showed. Since McMurphy’s arrival, he and Nurse Ratched have had many altercations, and as a result of his actions and disobedience, the audience is led to ponder if he is wrong by not being compliant to her request. McMurphy’s stubborn disobedience made him to blame for all the tragedies that occured in the movie’s conclusion. The routine prior to McMurphy’s arrival kept the institution†¦show more content†¦Meaning that he would believe that the patients following rules prior to McMurphy’s arrival and showing respect for the staff of the ward is what led to order in the institution for so l ong. After his arrival this no longer applied, as McMurphy showed no respect for the staff, especially Nurse Ratched, who he often had many negative exchanges with. He also would not follow the rules as the other patients would, and challenged them in an attempt to change them, rather than showing respect and following them. This lead to the initial order of the institution being put to an end. However, McMurphy’s actions had caused the deterioration of the ward and the mental state of the patients in many other ways. McMurphy’s actions inspired the others to slowly accept disobedience, and they began to act out in their own ways. This can be seen when the vote for the World Series to be played on the TV was taken. The first day that the vote was taken, only three people voted for it, but on the second day the vote was taken, 10 people ended up voting. Fromm would view this as the patients losing their fear of disobedience, as they are voting to go against the normal schedule. This disobedience further escalates throughout the movie, and this is prevalent in the scene where Cheswick starts to ask Nurse Ratched why they can’t have their cigarettes whenever they want to. At first he is calm, however, he becomes more agitated and starts to stand up and yell. Prior to McMurphyShow MoreRelatedReview Of Ken Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest 1603 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitions of sanity and insanity are affected by many different aspects and according to common knowledge, insanity has a direct correlation to mental illness. Likewise, sanity seems to have a direct link to what is considered normal. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey describes the connection that both insanity and sanity have to mental illness and the people that suffer from it. Furthermore, it describes how the people who work in the mental ward are connected to how sanity and insanityRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey902 Words   |  4 PagesIn Ken Kesey’s book, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, there were two main characters that were in a battle to have the majority of control over the ward. Throughout the story, they engaged in different acts of stubbornness to see who could display the most power and which of the two could stand their ground the longest without giving in to the other. These two characters were: Randle McMurphy, a new patient who was determined to change the ways of the ward, and Nurse Ratched, the head nurse of theRead M oreGeorge Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1384 Words   |  6 Pagesto drastic outcomes. Those with an assertive and manipulative personality tends to use that to their own benefit and completely disregard the impact their personality has on the surrounding people and themselves. In Ken Kesey’s novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, he expresses the theme of power and manipulation through two characters, Nurse Ratched and McMurphy. Both characters use their manipulative powers for their own advantage in a deceptive way that causes the patients admitted to the asylumRead MoreOne Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest Relation to Foucaults Argument1602 Words   |  7 PagesThe movie, â€Å"One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest†, is a film that relates to Foucault’s analysis of discipline and punishment. Foucault’s argument is that power works in a disciplinary way in current society. The movie can relate to this because the institution that the mov ie took place in was ran using Foucault’s disciplinary technique. There are many scenes from the film that give an analysis of Foucault’s argument. Foucault believes that people have the power to punish the docile bodies that they

Modernization Theory Free Essays

Like individual â€Å"choices,† modernization or the lack of modernization rarely just happens; they are usually products of powerful social forces.   Hence, I oppose to the statement that â€Å"the effects of international factors and positive effects of traditional culture have no bearing on the lack of modernization.† So, what are my justifications for this decision? Two competing views of the causes of modernization justify my view. We will write a custom essay sample on Modernization Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now    First, modernization theory claims that in the past the entire world was poor and that technological change, especially the Industrial Revolution, has enhanced human productivity and raised living standards.   From this point of view, the solution to the lack of modernization lies in encouraging technological development in backward areas. For these reasons, however, global modernization may be difficult.   Recall that David Riesman portrayed preindustrial people as tradition-directed and likely to resist change.   So some modernization theorists advocate that the world’s rich societies deliberately intervene in poor societies to encourage productive innovation.   First-World nations can speed development by exporting technology to the Third World, welcoming students from abroad, and providing foreign aid to stimulate economic growth (Hall, 1993). Further, modernization theory suggests that the success of these policies has been limited. Even where the greatest efforts have been made, resistance to change has compromised the results.   Traditional people have gained wealth by selling their natural resources on world markets, but only at the cost of being drawn into the â€Å"global village† where concern for money superseded traditional values.   In some societies including Iran and Ethiopia, rapid modernization has set off a powerful backlash from groups that want to restore traditional culture (Parsons, 1986). Modernization theory thus leaves unresolved contemporary dilemma: modernity may bring higher living standards but, in the process, it sweeps a society into the global mass culture of Western pop music, trendy clothes, and fast food.   For example, one Brazillian anthropologist expressed uncertainty about the future of the Kaiapo (native people who inhabit Brazil’s Amazon region): â€Å"At least they quickly understood the consequences of watching television†¦ Now [they] can make a choice† (Simons, 1989:37). But not everyone agrees that modernization is even a choice.   According to a second view, the dependency theory, today’s poor societies have little ability to modernize, even if they want to.   From this point of view, the major barrier to economic development is not traditionalism but the global domination by rich, capitalist societies. In effect, dependency theory asserts, rich societies achieved their modernization at least partly at the expense of poor nations, which provided valuable natural resources and human labor.   Even today, the Third World remains locked in a disadvantageous economic relationship with the First World, dependent on rich societies with whatever manufactured goods they can afford. Continuing ties with rich societies appear likely to perpetuate current patterns of global inequality Parsons, T. (1986). Dependency theory implies that modernization or the lack of it occurs outside the control of individual societies. On the contrary, the fate and fortune of individual nations world-wide is tied to their position in the global economy. Thus, change to improve the plight of people in the Third World will involve corresponding changes in First-World societies. Whichever approach one finds more convincing, we can no longer study the United States in isolation from the rest of the world. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a majority of people in even the richest societies lived in relatively small settlements with limited awareness of others. Now, at the threshold of the twenty-first century, people everywhere are playing out a far larger human drama. The world seems smaller because the lives of its entire people are increasingly linked. Hence, modernization or the lack of modernization is brought about by a number of factors including international factors and positive effects of traditional culture. References Berger, P. 1987. The Homeless Mind: Modernization and Consciousness, Vintage Books, New York Hall, J.R. Neitz, M. (1993).   Culture: Sociological Perspectives.   Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Parsons, T. (1986), Societies: Evolutionary and comparative, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Simons, M. (1989).   â€Å"The Amazon’s Savvy Indians.†Ã‚   The New York Times Magazine (February 26, 1990);36-37, 48-52.   Copywright 1989 by the New York Times Company.                         How to cite Modernization Theory, Essay examples Modernization Theory Free Essays MODERNIZATION THEORY Introduction: Modernization is an inherently optimistic concept for it assumes that all countries eventually experience economic growth. This optimistic must be understood in the historical context of post war prosperity and growth in the north and independence of many southern colonies along with the growth of national markets and trades. The theory of modernization turns out into the high mass consumption and urbanization. We will write a custom essay sample on Modernization Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now The theory of economic growth is an alternative to Marxist theory. Meaning and history of modernization theory: Modernization theory is a collection of perspective which, while at their most intellectually influential in the 1950s and 1960s. Along with the growth of national markets, made nineteenth century capitalists much more effective and ambitious than any of other forebears; hence the so-called ‘industrial revolution’. Definition of modernization: 1. Modernization theory is the theory used to summarize modern transformations of social life. 2. Historically modernization is the process of change towards those types of social, economic, and political systems that have developed in the Western Europe. Eisenstadt-1966) Theoretical origins of modernization: The theory of modernization has its roots in the ideas of some scholars they produced different theories about the origins, characters, and future path of modern industrial society. Which we can now examine closely: Emile Durkheim: Durkheim proposes that there are two types of society ‘traditional’ and ‘mode rn’ society, which have different forms of social cohesion between their members. The people of the traditional society perform the limited tasks of a simple agrarian community based on group of families and clan in village settlements. Each group though a similar to all others thinks, believes and life styles are relatively self-contained. Its members perform all the required rules of farming, childrearing, social control defiance and so on. Each group is then a sort of segment, a discreet unit in a large society; hence durkheim also called this a ‘segmental’ society. The traditional society is contrasted with the modern society- in whichever increasing numbers and density of the 0f the population. This leads to a more people competing for relatively scarce resources. When competition becomes the fiercest, a social resolution to these problems had to emerge and this creates a gradual increase in social division of labor. Social differentiation occurs as a specialized institution are formed by people to deal with particular need of society such as religious, economic, political, educational and so on. The modern society is more cultured and less rigid and allows more scope for individual frustrations and happiness. Durkheim called this society â€Å"organic society’. Max weber: max weber sought to explain the emergence of industrialization, though he focused his attention on answering why capitalist manufacturing became dominate only in the economy of western. The basic explanation for this occurrence was the existence of cultural processes namely rationalization. Weber suggested this was not an easy or natural form of behavior; one of the important factors that promoted this work ‘ethic’ was according to weber not economic but religious. His beliefs that as western society has developed, more and more of its members act in ways that are guided by the principals of rationality and less by custom of tradition. He sees the coming of the modern era as sciatic birth of individual as a relatively free agent not about by rigid. Walt whitman Rostow: rostow illustrates the concept of modernization per excellence. in his work on economic growth (rostow-1960a; 1960b) the form of growth experience in north are taken as a model for the rest of the world, while economic are situated at different stages of development all are assumed be moving to the same direction. Traditional society is poor, irrational and rural. The take off stage requires a leap forward, based on technology and high levels of investment; preconditions for this the development of the infrastructure, manufacturing and effective government. After this the societies reach a stage of self-sustaining growth, in its mature stage technology pervades the whole economy leading to ‘the high mass consumption, high productivity and high levels of urbanization. This feature includes prenewtonian science and technology. All this typically takes 20 years and rostow attempts to date actual take off of those countries, which have experienced them. (1783-1803) For Britain which was the first followed amongst others, USA (1890-1940), Japan (1878-1900), Russia (1890-1914) and India, china (1950 onwards). Modernization: Modernization was prompted by the decline of the old colonial empires. The third world became a focused of attention by politicians who were keen to show countries pushing for independence that sustain development was possible under the western wings or modernization theory. Trumans speech embodies this initial optimism. Modernization can be described as optimistic because it presents development as a easy process enduring under development is explained in terms of obstacles. Paolo Friers suggests people need to develop political consciousness and the rout to this is though pedagogic techniques of empowerment. Learner(1964) explains the from traditional to modern. Be beliefs that ‘Transitional society’ a society which has the process of cultural diffusion from more advanced sector of the world; been exposed to modernity. For learner the traditional society a society that has defined by what it wants to become, it is empathetic society. Lear said that ‘traditional society’ is not participant; it deploys people by kinship into communities isolated from each other and from a center the bands of interdependence people horizons are limited by local (1964, p-50). In the 1940s and 1950s was the only realistic way for LDC to industrialize. In general then for learner the mare a society exhibits empathy the more it will be engaged in the process of modernization and more likely is be modern. There is a clear mixture of sociological, psychological and economic feature to modernization theory, including for example, reference to value systems, individual motivation and capital accumulation. The critique of modernization theory: There are cultural and intellectual rejections of modernity. The boundaries between low and high culture are broken down. Intellectually post modernism involves and of the dominance of the unitary theories of progress and belief in scientific rationality. Modernization theory has not survived intact as viable paradigms for understanding change and transformation or process of poverty inequality. The theory cannot realistically explain the problem of global inequity and poverty. The principal term of the theory the traditional and the modern are much too vague to be of much use on classification of distinct skeptics. The two terms do not give the way indication of the great variety of society there have and do exist. Although the theory is supposed to be the way of society develops. There is little explanation offered for this problem. This is a serious weakness. Industrialized modern and its attendant’s urbanization weaker the wider kinship system as the people become primarily concern with the nuclear family (will’s 1977). Modernization completely undermines the values of extended family ties (penn-1986). It also derived from salvation among Protestants on important contributory factor in the rise of rational capitalism. The most forceful criticism of modernization theory is that it entirely ignores the impact of imperialism on third world countries. This is a staggering omission. Conclusion: Modernization deals with social change from agrarian societies to industrial ones, it is important to look at the technological viewpoint. New technologies do not change societies by it. Most accounts give greatest priority to the role played by the values, norms and beliefs of people in determining the sort of society – traditional or modern- that they create and thus value changes are the most important conditions for social change. How to cite Modernization Theory, Papers

Effects of Online Shopping free essay sample

Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the internet using a web browser. Also known as online retailing, online shopping involves paying through online banking or cash on delivery (COD). This kind of activity are now becoming a trend among teenagers and adults. Popular websites involving online shopping includes e-Bay, Lelong and Mudah. Online shopping creates multiple effects to the society that are easy to use, but also brings about negative effect such as fraud and addictive behaviour. It is easy to shop when you can just sit at home and look at the computer. Online shopping creates this kind of environment when you can easily buy products or services just by sitting in front of a computer. Some products are not available in your country, but with the existence of these services we can reach even the farthest country possible to buy the products that we are looking for depends on availability provided by sellers online. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Online Shopping or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page E-Bay provides various kinds of products sold all over the world from as little as a hair clip to as big as a house. This is why people tends to buy things online because it is easier and more efficient than looking for products all over the place. Consumers often being fooled by online retailer. Fraud activity tend to happen if we are not careful in purchasing products or services online. For example, customers sometimes does not realise about the condition of a products until it arrives at their home. Another is the product they paid for never arrives at their home. That is why some websites like Lelong and Mudah make it compulsory for every seller to includes their identity card number when signing up for their account. These websites also gave advice to every customer to be careful with fraud and recommend them to use meet and pay method which they can look at the product first before buying them. Consumers need to be more careful when buying things to prevent them from being fraud. Shoppers sometimes tend to get things out of hand. Synonym with the name ‘shopaholic’, it does not only exist in the outside world but also to people who keeps buying products through online websites. People who keeps updating their life with the latest trends and fashion tends to always use too much money until they bear too much debt to the creditors. These kind of behaviour needs to be stopped before it gets more excessive. There are some classes that provides solution to the shopaholics. These class provides step by step way to manage money and how to take control of your addictive behaviour. Addiction sometimes can cause your life to shatter. In conclusion, online shopping creates multiple societal effects to consumers. It is depend to ourselves on how to use online shop services in a proper way. How we shape the future is depending on our attitude towards technology, the more we can adapt to it the more we can stabilise our life. In addition, online shopping is easy to use but we need to beware of scammers and other side effects it may cause to our lifestyle.